Reasons for migration

Definition of migration

 Migration is defined as the geographical transition of the population from one region to another, regardless of the nature of the factors leading to it, or the nature of the distance involved, and includes all the transitional movements of the population except transitional movements of a daily or seasonal nature that do not aim to change the place of residence such as : [1] People who do not have a permanent place of residence such as Bedouins move from place to place. Rural pastoralists move from place to place because of their seasonal and specific periods of work, such as harvest periods and harvesting.
The reasons for emigration of various types of migration are as follows: [2] Economic reasons: One
of the most important drivers of internal and external migration and the most influential in individuals, is the low economic level of individuals, which limits their ambition to live a luxurious life with both family and friends , So they seek to migrate to a territory or state that offers them a job offer with a wage that guarantees them a better life than they did. Social causes: Social causes include several factors that are strongly related to economic factors: religion, nationality, knowledge, language, and kinship, which forces many people to migrate to countries and areas where former migrants have a previous social relationship. Religious reasons: These reasons lead many people with religious minorities to migrate to other countries that guarantee freedom of religion, religion, and opinion because of the persecution and religious intolerance of the majority in their countries. Geographical causes: Some geographical factors such as large areas of some countries increase the chance of migration because large areas occupy multiple viewing circles, which give them diversity in geographical environments, which in turn creates variation in climate, mineral wealth, and agricultural crops. To diversify their economic activity and provide diverse employment opportunities that attract migrants. Political Reasons Some residents resort to immigration to other countries in search of freedom of expression and belief, and a state of political persecution against them in their home country. Government reasons: Some governments control the place of population migration by directing them to specific regions according to plans and studies based on developing economic programs in these regions. Migration Types Migration has three types: [1] Internal Migration Internal migration is defined as the geographical transfer of the population between the state's provinces, which also includes rural migration, and is intended to move the population from the countryside to the city. The world experiences internal migrations at a higher level of foreign migration for the following reasons: [1] The low cost of internal migration compared to abroad, due to the relatively short distance from one place to another in the same country, but we can not determine the type of migration depending on the distance traveled during the transition ; Emigration can be carried out at a reduced distance of tens of kilometers, while the distance traveled between some regions in some States is thousands of kilometers. Lack of problems of entry and exit from countries compared to what the migrants face internationally. Lack of language problems that migrants experience internationally when they move to a country that differs in their language from their mother tongue. The psychological readiness of internal migrations is greater than external migrations. There are several types of internal migration, most notably: [1] Migration from one province to another (from one province to another) or from one state to another within the borders of one state: This kind of internal migrations is characterized by a short distance traveled due to migration. Migration from rural to urban cities: This phenomenon began to spread to a large area in most countries of the world in the second half of the twentieth century; the migration of people from the countryside to the city at the time was large in a way that has never been repeated at any previous historical stage. External migration means the geographical movement of the population internationally, from one state to another through its political borders; with the aim of permanent stability or work, wealth-building and other objectives, regardless of distance traveled, whether it is several kilometers or thousands of kilometers; [1] Temporary migration Temporary migration means the movement of people from one place to another for a certain period of time, then their return to their country of origin. The migration of labor and the seasonal transition of some populations fall under this type of migration. This kind of migrations can be combined into one of the two previous types. Internal migration includes labor mobility between governorates, and external migration can include international migration. [1] Brain drain is the transfer of students and talents, doctors and engineers to study in countries other than their own country provides them with an environment suitable for excellence and creativity; where some students go to study in other countries to return to their home and informed them of the science they have acquired, but many of them do not return to what they find from (3) The effects of migration on migration have significant effects on both the individual and the community, ranging from positive to negative, including: [2] Positive impact: The positive impact of migration is reflected in improving the living standard of individuals, Yeh convey their mother and converts them to a better place scientifically and of living; where poverty and unemployment rate goes down, and increase foreign exchange due to the proportion of labor migration from them. Negative impact: The negative impact is manifested in the form of brain drain